Electric charge
Electric charge is the physical property of a material that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. It defines the extent to which a particular material has more electrons than protons or viceversa. Electric charges are of two types, namely positive (by protons) and negative charges (by electrons).
| Positive Charge |
| Negative Charge |
Equal number of electrons and protons results in an uncharged
neutral particle. If a particle has excess of electrons, then it is called as negatively charged particle and if it contains more number of protons then it is called as positively charged particle.
neutral particle. If a particle has excess of electrons, then it is called as negatively charged particle and if it contains more number of protons then it is called as positively charged particle.
If a neutral particle loses some of its electrons, then the number of protons it in are and higher than the electrons. Hence it becomes positively charged particle and at similarly if the neutral particle gains electrons it is called as a negatively charged particle as the number number of electrons are higher in this case.
The like charges repel each other and the unlike charges attract themselves. That is, a positive charge repels another positive charge, where as as positive charge attracts a negative charge.
The flow of electric charge forms an electric current.
Units of measurement of electric charge
Electric Charge is indicated by a symbol q. It is measured in SI units as Coulombs, indicated by capital letter C
It is named after the French physicist Charles Augustin De Coulomb who is famous for his discoveries in field of electricity and magnetism. One coulomb is approximately equivalent to 6×1018 electrons and charge of an electron is equal to -1.6019×10-19 C.
1 C = 6×1018 electrons
Charge of an electron = -1.6019 ×10-19 C
minus sign (-) is due to the electron being a negative charge.
It is named after the French physicist Charles Augustin De Coulomb who is famous for his discoveries in field of electricity and magnetism. One coulomb is approximately equivalent to 6×1018 electrons and charge of an electron is equal to -1.6019×10-19 C.
1 C = 6×1018 electrons
Charge of an electron = -1.6019 ×10-19 C
minus sign (-) is due to the electron being a negative charge.
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